Malaria is one of the significant reasons of loss of life in the world and eliminates over the million people yearly. Malaria is spread in exotic and sub-tropical areas including Africa mostly, India, the Caribbean, and SOUTH USA, but impacts people from other countries traveling to those areas as well. For example, in THE UNITED STATES, over a thousand people are diagnosed with this disease annually after trips to the warmer regions (Kujtan).
Over 90% of all malaria cases are reported in sub-Saharan Africa. Currently, the infection has made an appearance in the regions where it was exterminated years ago, such as Tajikistan, Azerbaijan, and Korea. Although the area affected by the condition has ago become smaller than 50 years, it is a huge part of the world still. Malaria risk is increasing as methods of land use are changing due to the development of road construction, mining, logging, and agricultural and irrigation projects. International travel moves of refugees caused by armed conflicts and global climatic change are also exacerbating the malaria situation around the globe.
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The particular forms of malaria spreading have grown to be “airport malaria” when the condition is imported by travelers, and “weekend malaria,” that impacts town residents in Africa getting to their rural settlements back. The disease is caused by Plasmodia, one-cell creatures that get into human blood after bites of infected anopheline mosquitoes. The parasite inside your body of the human being enters the liver organ, incubating there. Malaria may also be contracted through bloodstream transfusions or filthy needle use (Kujtan). If malaria is quickly diagnosed, it can be cured, which explains why the majority of people who develop malaria survive. Malaria is diagnosed via a malaria smear that is a drop of blood that is analyzed under a microscope.
Malaria has four different forms, three of which are “benign”, and therefore the patient has a reasonably good chance of success, as the fourth you are dangerous as it could lead to loss of life within 48 hours. If the condition is not healed, the symptoms can return in a few months. Malaria surfaces in the locations affected by hurricanes, for example, in the Caribbean. The condition was once common in the southern US but was eradicated later on (Kujtan). Currently the instances of malaria transmission in North America are limited to the instances when contaminated mosquitoes have come to the continent in travelers’ hand bags or have bitten local mosquitoes.
West Nile Virus is contracted by people mostly from mosquitoes or wild birds (CDC). Other creatures that spread the condition include bugs such as sand flies, ceratopogonids, “no-see-ums”, ticks, and vertebrates such as dogs, horses, and cats. The contraction of the virus by humans is accidental, and the individual can’t be infected by the West Nile Virus consequently of communication with another human.
In 80% of the instances the condition will be asymptomatic, but in 20% of the instances humans will develop a significant condition called West Nile fever or West Nile disease (CDC). The symptoms of the West Nile Fever are “fever, headache, fatigue, and body aches, sometimes with a pores and skin allergy (on the trunk of the body) and inflamed lymph glands” (CDC: Symptoms of West Nile Virus). West Nile fever is normally of short period and will not leave any enduring health results. This dangerous pathogen first entered the Western Hemisphere and was authorized in New York in 1999 (Zohrabian).
